Yonke into malunga neentlobo ezili-9 zemitshato eIndiya

Imibala, imibhiyozo, amasiko kunye nokutya kwenza imisitho yomtshato eIndiya ikhethekileyo kwaye ngokwenene into abantu abakhangele phambili kuyo. Amava enziwa eclectic ngakumbi kwaye edlamkileyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo imitshato kumazwe Indian ngokusekelwe inkcubeko kummandla ngamnye. Abantu beza bevela kwihlabathi liphela ukuza kungqina imitshato yamaIndiya kwaye baphumelele kwizithethe kunye nolonwabo lwazo zonke. Yintoni eyenza imisitho yomtshato yaseIndiya ibe yekhethekileyo kukwahluka okucacileyo abakubonisayo.

Izithethe ezilandelwa kummandla osemantla weIndiya azifani nakumazantsi eIndiya. IMpuma ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo zemitshato xa ithelekiswa neNtshona. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemitshato eIndiya kwaye kukuphindaphindeka oku kusimangalisa ngelizwe lethu.

Imbali yeMitshato eIndiya

Ingxoxo malunga nokuba zingaphi iintlobo zemitshato eIndiya ayinakugqitywa ngaphandle kokungena kwimbali yomtshato eIndiya. IIndiya lilizwe elalilandela ngokwesiko inkcubeko ye imitshato ecwangcisiweyo, isiko elilandelwayo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kulo lonke uluntu lwamaIndiya, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luluphi na unqulo, uhlanga nodidi.

Kwiintsuku zakudala, iintsapho ezimbini zaziza kuthatha isigqibo malunga nomdlalo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo, izibini zazitshatile ebusheni babo ngenxa yokuba kwakukholelwa ukuba kuya kulungeleka ngakumbi ukulungiswa kweemvakalelo. Ngokomzekelo, uMohandas Karamchand Gandhi watshata noKasturba Gandhi eneminyaka eli-13 ubudala yaye bachitha iminyaka engama-62 yobomi babo njengendoda nomfazi. La mabali axhaphake kakhulu eIndiya.

Isiko lomtshato womntwana lalingekho kwiIndiya yamandulo nangona yaqala kamva xa kwakukho uhlaselo lwamazwe angaphandle kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe yaba mbi njengoko usolusapho lwaqalisa ukuphakamisa intloko embi. Enyanisweni, eIndiya, ookumkani bade balungiselela iSwayamvaras iintombi zabo ukuze zikhethe kwezona zilungileyo zokutshata, ngaloo ndlela bevumela ibhinqa ukuba likhethe kuluhlu olude lwamadoda.

Umbhali uChitra Banerjee Divakaruni wenza ukuba kucace kwincwadi yakhe Ibhotwe leeIllusions ukuba uDraupadi wayemthanda ngokwenene uKarna kwaye ukuba wayenokhetho lwakhe ngewayemhombisile. Kodwa wanyanzelwa ukuba amxelele ukuba wayengenguye uKshatriya kwaye wayengenako ukuthatha inxaxheba kwi-Swayamvar kuba kwakufuneka akhonze ikamva lakhe elalikunye neePandavas ezintlanu.

I-Polyandry, njengoko kubonisiwe ngomtshato kaDraupadi, yayikhona eIndiya kodwa isithembu sasixhaphakile, amadoda, ubukhulu becala aphuma kwiinkonzo zamaHindu namaSilamsi, enomfazi ongaphezulu kwesinye. Umfazi omnye ngokuthe ngcembe waba yinto eqhelekileyo eIndiya kwaye ilizwe lavuleleka ngakumbi kwingqikelelo yomtshato wothando nangona umtshato ocwangcisiweyo usaqhubeka ukuba lolona khetho luthandwayo. Zonke iindidi zemitshato esizikhankanye ngaphambili zidla ngokuba yimibandela eneenkcukacha ezininzi, ngaphandle nje komtshato wasenkundleni.

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Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zemitshato kumazwe aseIndiya

Eyona nto inomdla kukuba iIndiya inamazwe angama-28 kunye nemimandla yomanyano esi-9 kwaye umsitho womtshato wahlukile kwilizwe ngalinye. Ukuba sizama ukungena kwi-nitty-gritty yezithethe zomtshato kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemitshato kwilizwe laseIndiya ngaphesheya kwe-peninsula kwiindawo ze-37, ngoko siya kugqiba ukubhala into emfutshane yethisisi apha.

Kodwa kufanelekile ukutsho apha ukuba iyantlukwano yemisitho yomtshato iboleka i-Indiya isiseko sayo, ngakumbi ukuba ngumtshato weenkolo ezahlukeneyo. Kulungile ke, ngamava athile lawo kuba isinika indibaniselwano yemisitho. Imisitho inokwahluka kodwa imithetho yomtshato elandelwayo iyafana.

Imitshato ibhalisiwe kwaye inikwe isohlwayo esisemthethweni phantsi kwemimiselo yoMthetho woMtshato wamaHindu, 1955, uMthetho woMtshato oKhethekileyo, 1954, uMthetho weSiqu wamaSilamsi okanye i-Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umtshato uqhubeka kweliphi ilizwe okanye amasiko alandelayo alandelwayo, umtshato kufuneka ubhaliswe ngokomthetho welizwe.

Zingaphi Iindidi zemitshato ezikhoyo eIndiya?

Ngoko ke zingaphi iindidi zemitshato eIndiya, ngoko? Kunzima ukukhomba ngokuthe ngqo yonke i-gamut yezithethe zomtshato eIndiya. Kuba phakathi kwenjongo yomtshato wamaHindu ngokwawo, iyantlukwano inkulu. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezithethe zomtshato ziyalandelwa eIndiya ngokuxhomekeke kwinkcubeko nakwizenzo.

Umtshato waseBengali awufani nowaseIndiya laseMzantsi okanye umtshato waseMaharashtrian nangona yonke imitshato yamaHindu. Inkolo elandelwayo inokuba yinto enye, iimantras zicula ziyafana kodwa amasiko, ixesha lomtshato kunye nesinxibo zahluke kakhulu.

Ukuba sibuza umbuzo wokuba zingaphi iintlobo zomtshato kwilizwe lethu, ngoko kwinqanaba elisisiseko sinokuthi kukho iintlobo ezilithoba zemitshato eIndiya. Xa kugxininiswe ukuba zingaphi iindidi zemitshato eIndiya, siya kungena kwiinkcukacha zendlela uhlobo ngalunye lomtshato olusemthethweni. Nazi iindlela ezahlukeneyo abantu abatshata ngazo eIndiya:

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1. Umtshato wamaHindu

Umsitho womtshato wamaHindu ulandela amasiko amaVedic kwaye amasiko amathathu aphambili eKanyadaan, ePanigrahana naseSaptapadi alandelwa. Elokuqala lithetha uyise womtshakazi omnike lona, ​​elesibini lithetha ukudibanisa izandla zomtshakazi nomyeni phambi komlilo kwaye elesithathu lithetha imijikelo esixhenxe ejikeleze umlilo.

Kodwa asingawo onke amasiko alandelwayo kuzo zonke Umtshato wamaHindu. Umzekelo, uluntu olwahlukeneyo eKerala naseTamil Nadu abanayo inkqubo yokubasa umlilo kwaye imitshato yabo idla ngokuqala kusasa kwaye imibhiyozo isongwe emini emaqanda. E-Bengal, eminye imikhosi ithanda gaye holud (umsitho we-turmeric wenziwa kusasa) kodwa umsitho womtshato ophambili wenziwa kamva ngokuhlwa.

Emantla eIndiya abona eyona misitho icacileyo yomtshato eqala kunye sagai (umtshato) kwaye umtshato unokuqhubeka iintsuku xa kutshintshwa iigarlands, kuvan kwenziwa kwaye umtshakazi ekugqibeleni wenziwa ukuba anxibe i-mangal sutra. EMpuma yeIndiya, kukusetyenziswa kwe-vermillion ebaluleke ngakumbi kwaye eMaharashtra kwaye uxinzelelo oluninzi lubekwe kwiLakshmi Narayan Puja. Yonke imitshato phakathi kwabantu ababini benkolo yamaHindi ibhaliswe phantsi koMthetho woMtshato wamaHindu, 1955 okanye uMthetho woMtshato oKhethekileyo, ka-1954.

2. Umtshato wamaKristu

Imitshato yobuKristu nayo ibalulekile kwimbali yomtshato eIndiya kwaye isaqhutywa ngokubanzi kulo lonke ilizwe. Phantsi koMthetho womtshato wobuKrestu wamaIndiya, ka-1872, imitshato yobuKristu yenziwa ngumfundisi okanye umfundisi ecaweni. Ubuhle bomtshato wamaKristu eIndiya kukuba umtshakazi uhlala ekhetha ukunxiba isinxibo sasekuhlaleni endaweni yokukhetha igawuni.

Ke imitshato yamaKristu eIndiya ibona umtshakazi enxibe iimpahla zemveli njengeesare, intle kunye neesarong zesiNtu kunye nomkhwenyana bahlala bekhetha isinxibo sesintu kunye namadoda akhe abalaseleyo. Khumbula ukuba, iindlela ezahlukahlukeneyo zokutshata kwabantu azithethi ukuba zahlukile iintlobo zothando! Uthando, ulonwabo kunye nemigcobo ziyafana kuyo yonke imisitho yomtshato.

Phakathi kweentlobo zemitshato yaseIndiya, ngumtshato wobuKrestu odibanisa inkcubeko yamaIndiya neNtshona. Isiko lomthendeleko, i-toast kunye ne-bouquet zonke zilandelwa zifafazwe ngezithethe ezithandekayo.

3. Umtshato wamaSikh

Kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokutshata eIndiya, le yenye edumileyo. Ngaphambili, imitshato yamaSikh yabhaliswa phantsi koMthetho woMtshato wamaHindu kodwa ngoku ezi zibhaliswe phantsi kwePunjab Sikh Anand Karaj Marriage Act 2018. Umsitho womtshato wamaSikh uhlala ulula kakhulu. Yenzeka kwiGurudwara, indawo yokunqula yoluntu lwamaSikh.

Kodwa ngaphambi koko, kwenzeka umsitho obizwa ngokuba milni apho iintsapho zomtshakazi nomyeni zidibana kwaye zinxibelelane. Ngomhla womtshato, emva koko iziqendu ezine ezilula zicengcelezwa kwisicatshulwa sabo esingcwele kwaye umtshakazi nomyeni bathatha pheras malunga neGuru Granth Sahib (isibhalo esingcwele). Umtshakazi nomyeni nabo banxiba isinxibo esihonjisiweyo kwaye kukho ukutya okumangalisayo kwimibhiyozo.

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4. Umtshato wamaMuslim

Zingaphi iintlobo zemitshato enokuthi iIndiya iqhayise ngayo? Ewe, kukho ezinye ezimbalwa ezisazohamba. Umtshato wamaMoslem uphantsi kolawulo loMthetho weSicelo soMthetho wamaSilamsi (iShariat) ka-1937. Izithethe zamaSilamsi zilandelwa kumtshato wamaMuslim eIndiya. Umtshakazi nomyeni banokukhetha isinxibo saseIndiya kodwa umsitho wenkolo uhlala uthobela ngokungqongqo imithetho yamaSilamsi. Umsitho womtshato obizwa ngokuba yi-Nikah unyanzeliswa yi-maulvi, uhlobo lomfundisi.

Kukwakho nenkqubo yeKanydan kumtshato wamaSilamsi nayo elandelwa kukufundwa kweQuran kunye nesindululo somyeni kunye nokwamkelwa komtshakazi. AmaSilamsi aseIndiya ahlala ekhonza i-biryani emitshatweni yabo, eyona nto idumileyo ngomtshato onjalo.

5. Umtshato weParsi

I-Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act ka-1936 ngumthetho apho imitshato yaseParsi isemthethweni kwaye ibhalisiwe. Eminye yemisitho elandelwa kumtshato weParsi kukutshintshiselana ngeengqekembe zesilivere phakathi kweentsapho zomtshakazi nomyeni. Kusemva kwalo msitho umfazi uthatha igama lomyeni.

Imisitho iqhutywa kangangeentsuku ezintathu ngaphambi komtshato, yaye ngosuku lwesine, umngcelele womtshato ufika kwikhaya lomtshakazi apho umtshato uqhutyelwa khona. Emva komtshato, isibini kufuneka sibe nokutya kwisitya esinye njengesenzo esimnandi, sothando esibonisa umanyano lwaso.

6. Umtshato wamaBhuda

Phakathi kweentlobo zemitshato eIndiya, umtshato wamaBhuda mhlawumbi ngowona ulula. Umtshato wamaBhuda ukwabhaliswa phantsi koMthetho woMtshato oKhethekileyo, ka-1954. Akukho zithethe zingqongqo ekufuneka zilandelwe kwaye akukho mibhiyozo icacileyo kumtshato wamaBhuda.

Umtshato wamaBhuda, ngokunyanisekileyo kwiimfundiso zawo zonqulo, ugxininisa ubumoya kunye nokubambelela ngokungqongqo kwizifungo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho uthethathethwano olunyanzeliswa yimonki okanye iRinpoche. Ngomhla womtshato, umtshakazi nomyeni kunye neentsapho zabo batyelela itempile, kuze emva koko, umsitho womtshato uqhutyelwe kwindawo eyahlukileyo. Umtshato wamaBhuda udla ngokuba ngumcimbi omncinane apho kumenywa izihlobo nezalamane ezimbalwa.

7. Umtshato wamaJain

AmaBhuda namaJain anokubhalisa imitshato yawo ngoMthetho woMtshato wamaHindu ka-1955 okanye ngoMthetho woMtshato oKhethekileyo ka-1954. abo baza kuba ngamaqabane obomi.

Imitshato yamaJain inezithethe ezininzi ezifana nemitshato yamaHindu njenge pheras or kanyavaran kodwa inani lePujas kunye ne-aarti lenziwa kumtshato wamaJain. Isithethe esibaluleke kakhulu kusemva komtshato umtshakazi nomyeni baya kunye namalungu osapho lwabo kwiTempile yaseJain kwaye bondle amahlwempu apho. Kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zemitshato eIndiya, le yeyona nto ilungileyo.

8. Umtshato wasenkundleni

Imitshato yabantu abahlukeneyo kunye neenkolo ngeenkolo zenzeke eIndiya, ngaphezu kokuba uyazi. Abantu abaninzi abafuna ukuwaphepha amasiko enkolo kwityala elinjalo bakhetha umtshato olula wasenkundleni phantsi koMthetho woMtshato oKhethekileyo we-1954. Umbhalisi unikwa isaziso seentsuku ezingama-30 esineenkcukacha zendawo yokuhlala kunye nezokuzalwa zomtshakazi nomyeni.

Kwandule ke, ngosuku olumiselweyo, abekho kwiofisi yombhalisi kunye namangqina amathathu ukuze atyobele kumaxwebhu asemthethweni aze afundelane izifungo zawo zomtshato. Kungenxa yokuba ayisiyiyo i-bash enkulu, ayithethi ukuba aba bantu babini abakho nzulu eluthandweni! Kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo abantu abatshata ngazo, le yeyona ndlela inesidima.

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9. Imitshato exubeneyo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zemitshato kumazwe aseIndiya abonisa undoqo waloo meko emtshatweni. Kodwa nantsi into eyahlukileyo kancinane. Kwimeko yemitshato yeemvaba ngeemvaba, abatshakazi nabayeni abaninzi balandela amasiko azo zombini iinkolo ukutshata.

Le mitshato iphantsi kweSpecial Marriage Act ka1954 kodwa kuqhelekile ukubona lo mtshato uqhutywa kulandelwa amasiko eentsapho zombini, kwimibhiyozo eyahlukeneyo. Ke, unokuba nomtshato wasecaweni oqhubeka kusasa ulandelwa yi havan yamaHindu ngokuhlwa. Le mitshato exubeneyo idla ngokuba yingxubevange yenkcubeko, amasiko, amasiko kunye nemibhiyozo!

Kwindawo efana neIndiya enezithethe ezohlukeneyo, akunakuphepheka ukuba kuya kubakho amasiko amaninzi adida ingqondo kunye nemisitho yesiNtu xa kufikwa emtshatweni. Kodwa kukho iintlobo ezilithoba zemitshato etshatiswayo kakhulu kwiIndiya yanamhlanje, esibhale ngayo ngoku ngokubanzi.

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Umnikelo wakho awuquki isisa umnikelo. Iya kuvumela i-Bonobology ukuba iqhubeke nokukuzisela ulwazi olutsha nolwangoku kwiphulo lethu lokunceda nabani na osehlabathini ukuba afunde ukwenza nantoni na.