Isehlukaniso Ngemvume Ehlangene E-India: Imithetho, Inqubo Namadokhumenti Ayadingeka

Isehlukaniso singenye yamaqiniso amasha empilo yesimanje. Isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana, nokho, indlela elula nehloniphekile yokukwenza. Isehlukaniso ngokuvamile siletha izithombe zabangane bomshado ababili abathukuthele, izingane ezinganakiwe, abazali abadangele kanye nomgwaqo omude, onzima, ogcwele usizi. Singakhohlwa inani lezikhathi umuntu okufanele avakashele ngazo ummeli futhi akhokhe izikweletu ezinkulu.

Nokho, imibhangqwana eminingi namuhla ayifuni isehlukaniso esingcolile. Bafisa ukuphatha ukwehlukana ngokuhloniphana, ukuzwelana nokuphuma edivosini ngaphandle kokulimaza omunye ngokomzwelo. Kulapho-ke idivosi ngokuvumelana ingena khona.

Isehlukaniso Ngokuvumelana Ngokuvumelana ENdiya

Nakuba le nketho ikhula kancane kancane, lapho becabanga ukuqeda umshado abantu bavame ukubhekana nemibuzo enjengokuthi: ngingasithola kanjani isehlukaniso ngaphandle kommeli? Noma ingabe kuwukuhlakanipha ukwehlukanisa ngaphandle kommeli?

Ngenxa yalokhu, bobabili indoda nomkayo bangakhetha “isehlukaniso ngemvume yobabili” lapho ukuqulwa kwecala kungaphothulwa ngaphandle kokubandakanya abameli noma ukubamba ummeli. Ukulamula kwesehlukaniso kungaba kufushane futhi kungabi buhlungu. Ukuze uqale eyakho ukuphila ngemva kwesehlukaniso Ngokwenothi elifanele, isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana siyisinyathelo esiqonde endleleni efanele.

Ukuthola isehlukaniso eNdiya ngokuvumelana akunzima. Lokhu kungenziwa ngaphansi kweSigaba 13B soMthetho Womshado wamaHindu, 1955, kanye neSigaba 28 soMthetho Womshado Okhethekile., 1954, lapho bobabili abathintekayo bengafuna isehlukaniso ngemvume efanayo ngokufaka isikhalazo phambi kwenkantolo. Ukuvumelana kusho ukuthi zombili izinhlangothi zivumelana ngokuhlukana ngokuthula.

Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Inqubo Yesehlukaniso Ngokuvumelana Kwabanye

'Isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana' kwenzeka lapho izinhlangothi zombili zivumelene ukukhetha isehlukaniso esinokuthula. Uma ukhathazekile ukubeletha ngemva kwesehlukaniso noma izindaba zezezimali nokunye okunjalo, isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana kungenza inqubo ibe lula kuwe.

Azikho izimo eziningi zesehlukaniso ngokuvumelana. Ummeli omkhulu u-Usha Andewar uthi, "Eqinisweni, enkantolo yomndeni, abameli abadingeki nhlobo. Kukhona ezinye izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho abantu bengasebenzisa ummeli. Uma umbhangqwana ufisa ukufaka isicelo sodwa, futhi wazi izingqinamba ezingokomthetho ezihilelekile, khona-ke bangakwenza. Uma beyazi inqubo, bangafaka i-afidavithi yedivosi uma inkantolo ingakwazi ukunikeza imvume yenkantolo, futhi inkantolo inganikeza imvume yenkantolo." iphathi.”

Ukufunda Okuhlobene: Isehlukaniso Nezingane - 8 Imithelela Ejulile Yokwehlukana Abazali Okufanele Bayazi

Uma oshade naye kanye nawe nifuna ukuphephisa omunye nomunye enhlekeleleni yempi yezomthetho ethathe isikhathi eside, 'isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana' siyinketho enhle. Kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukuhlakaza umshado ngesivumelwano phakathi kwabathintekayo, inqobo nje uma kungekho emthethweni noma umphumela wokusebenzisana. 

Ukuthola isimemezelo sokuhlukanisa phakathi kweSigaba 13B soMthetho Womshado wamaHindu, 1955, kunezimfuneko ezimbalwa - umbhangqwana kufanele ngabe behlala ngokuhlukana isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa, bavume ukuthi bebengakwazi ukuhlala ndawonye futhi bavumelene ngokuthi umshado kufanele uhlakazwe. Ngakho-ke kunesikhathi esincane sokuhlukanisa ngokuvumelana eNdiya.

Ezinye izici ezimbili ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ngenkathi ukhetha isehlukaniso ngemvume efanayo ukuthi indoda nomkayo kufanele bafinyelele ukuvumelana ngezindaba zesondlo nesondlo kanye nesondlo sengane.

I-Alimony - Ngokomthetho awukho umkhawulo omncane noma umkhawulo wesondlo futhi kungaba yinoma iyiphi isibalo noma kungabikho sibalo.

Ukugcinwa Kwengane – Ukugcinwa kwengane kungabiwa noma kuhlanganyelwe noma kukhethekile kuye ngokuqondana okuvezwa umbhangqwana.

Ubani ongafaka isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana?

Isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana ngaphansi komthetho wamaHindu sinemithetho ethile kuso. Isigaba sesi-2 soMthetho Womshado wamaHindu, 1955, sisebenza kunoma yimuphi umHindu ngenkolo noma enye noma yiluphi uhlobo lwawo okuhlanganisa i-Virashaiva, i-Lingayat, umlandeli we-Brahmo, uPrathana noma u-Arya Samaj, umBuddha, umJain noma wamaSikh ngenkolo.

Lo Mthetho futhi usebenza kumaHindu angaphandle kwendawo yaseNdiya kuphela uma ehlala endaweni yaseNdiya. Noma ubani obhalise umshado wakhe ngaphansi kwe-Special Marriage Act angafaka isehlukaniso ngemvume yobabili ngaphansi kweSigaba 28.

Ungasifaka nini isehlukaniso ngokuvumelana?

Umbhangqwana ofuna ukuqeda umshado wawo kudingeka ulinde okungenani unyaka owodwa uma ufisa ukukhetha isehlukaniso ngemvume yobabili. Enye imfuneko iwukuba umshado kufanele ngabe wasungulwa okungenani eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili. Lesi isikhathi esincane sesehlukaniso ngokuvumelana e-India.

Kufanele futhi bafakazele inkantolo ukuthi sebehlale ngokuhlukana isikhathi esingangonyaka noma ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba bafake isicelo sesehlukaniso. Kufanele bakhombise ukuthi phakathi nalokhu kuhlukana abakwazanga ukuhlala ndawonye njengendoda nomfazi.

Isicelo sesehlukaniso singafakwa enkantolo yomndeni yesifunda lapho abashadile behlala khona. Ungehlukanisa kanjena ngesizotha. Inkantolo yesifunda lapho umbhangqwana ufuna isehlukaniso ngemvume yobabili ingase ibe sendaweni lapho umbhangqwana ofuna isehlukaniso ugcine uhlala khona noma lapho umshado wabo uhlanganiswe khona noma lapho inkosikazi ihlala khona.

Yimiphi eminye yemithetho umuntu angafaka ngaphansi kwayo isehlukaniso ngemvume efanayo eNdiya?

Kunemithetho eyahlukene egunyaza isehlukaniso phakathi kwabantu abaqhuba izinkolo ezihlukahlukene eNdiya. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uMthetho Womshado wamaHindu, 1955, Abesifazane BamaSulumane (Umthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwamalungelo Esehlukaniso), 1986, Imithetho Yabasebenzi Yesehlukaniso kanye Nomthetho Wokuhlakazwa Komshado 1939, The Indian Christian Marriage Act 1872, Indian Divorce Act, 1936, 1936 Marriage Special, kanye ne-19 Marri3 Marriage Act. Act, 1954, phakathi kwabanye.

Ukufunda Okuhlobene: Isehlukaniso ngineminyaka engama-50: Indlela Engayithola Ngayo Ukuphila Okusha Nenjabulo

Amadokhumenti adingekayo ekugcwaliseni isehlukaniso ngemvume yobabili

Kunamaphepha amaningi adingekayo ukuze ahlukanise isivumelwano ngokuvumelana. Nakuba bobabili izinhlangothi kudingeka balethe ubufakazi babo bendawo yokuhlala okufanele bamukelwe yinkantolo, obugunyazwe ngu-13B we-Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Ngaphezu kwalokhu badinga ukuhambisa okulandelayo:

1. Ubufakazi Bomshado - Isitifiketi Somshado
2. Ubufakazi bomazisi bazo zombili izinhlangothi (Iphasipoti, ikhadi lomvoti, ikhadi le-Ration, nanoma yimuphi omunye umazisi kahulumeni osemthethweni)
3. Isithombe sesayizi yepaspoti
4. Ikhophi yanoma yisiphi isivumelwano okuvunyelwene ngaso phakathi kwezinhlangothi zokugcinwa kwengane noma ukukhishwa kwesondlo saphakade/isondlo
5. Izimbuyiselo Zentela Yemali Engenayo yeminyaka emi-3
6. Imininingwane yemali engenayo yamanje
7. Imininingwane yokuzalwa nomndeni
8. Imininingwane yezimpahla zabashadile

inqubo

Masiqonde amandla egunya lesehlukaniso ngokuvumelana eNdiya. Ngaphansi koMthetho Womshado WamaHindu, 1955, okokuqala isicelo sesehlukaniso semvume yobabili esiyi-afidavithi sifakwa enkantolo yesifunda yomndeni efanele.

Isitatimende sabo bobabili abathintekayo, okungumyeni nonkosikazi, siqoshwa yinkantolo bese udaba luhlehliswa ezinye izinyanga eziyisithupha. Noma yikuphi phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-6 nezinyanga ezingu-18, umbhangqwana kuzodingeka ube khona enkantolo futhi ukuze wenze isiphakamiso sesibili semvume efanayo esifakwe ngaphambilini. Isimemezelo Sesehlukaniso sivunywa yinkantolo ngemuva kwesiphakamiso sesibili.

Kuthiwani uma umbhangqwana uhlehla phakathi nalesi sikhathi? 

Kukhona nezimo eziningi zokudivosa ngokuvumelana. Uma umbhangqwana ufinyelela ukuvumelana futhi ungafisi ukuqhubekela phambili nesehlukaniso bangalihoxisa icala. Uma umbhangqwana ungezi enkantolo ngosuku oluhleliwe lwesiphakamiso sesibili, isicelo sizokhanselwa.

Futhi, uma kwenzeka omunye wabashadile efisa ukuhoxa esahlukaniso, angakwenza lokho ngokufaka isicelo enkantolo esisho ukuthi akafuni ukuqhubeka nesehlukaniso ngokuvumelana.

Inkantolo emacaleni anjalo ayinikezi sinqumo sesehlukaniso. Uma omunye umlingani efisa ukuqhubeka nesehlukaniso, angafaka isicelo esijwayelekile ngaphansi kwezinhlinzeko zeSigaba 13 soMthetho Womshado wamaHindu, 1955.

Siyini isikhathi sokupholisa?

Isikhathi sokupholisa singasukela noma yikuphi kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-18 ngemva kokufakwa kwe-afidavithi yokuqala enkantolo. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbhangqwana ungasebenza ekubuyisaneni futhi ngezinye izikhathi inkantolo iyala ukuba benze kanjalo funa ukwelulekwa.

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uma omunye wabashadile ememezela ukuthi omunye ubengabambisani, khona-ke lokhu kungaba izizathu zenkantolo yokungasivumeli isehlukaniso ngemvume efanayo.

Kodwa-ke, esinqumweni esiyingqopha-mlando ngo-2017, umuntu manje angathola ukuyekwa ngalesi sikhathi sokupholisa. Ukuyekelela ngesikhathi sokupholisa kusho ukuthi uma umbhangqwana unqume ngokulinganayo ukuqeda umshado wabo, bangacela inkantolo ukuthi isheshise inqubo futhi ingalindi ezinye izinyanga eziyisi-6. Ngaphambi kwalesi sinqumo, yiNkantolo Ephakeme kuphela enegunya lokuhoxisa lesi sikhathi.

Uthini umnyakazo wesibili?

Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokupholisa, inkantolo inika usuku lokulalela abathintekayo. Abashadikazi bangafaka isicelo sesibili bese ijaji liwuhlakaza umshado.

Khuluma uchwepheshe

Ummeli odumile ozinze e-Gujarat u-Prakash Thakker uthi, “Izinkantolo zivame ukulinda izinyanga ezingu-6 ukuze zinikeze abathintekayo isikhathi sokupholisa uma sebefake incwadi efungelwe yokuqala yesehlukaniso ngemvume bobabili.

"Inkantolo ivamise ukunikeza izinyanga eziyisi-6 isikhathi sokuphola ukuze izithandani zingasithathi isinqumo esithinta inhliziyo. Imvamisa izinkantolo zisuke zimatasa kodwa ezinye izinkantolo zize zibize abathintekayo enkantolo zibacele ukuthi balungise ukungaboni ngaso linye bese bebancenga ukuthi bangaqhubeki nesinqumo."

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iseluleko Esingcono Kakhulu Sesehlukaniso Kwabesifazane

Isivumelwano Sangaphambi Komshado- Ingavikela Kanjani Ikusasa Lakho

Umnikelo wakho awuhlanganisi inhlangano esiza abantulayo umnikelo. Izovumela i-Bonobology ukuthi iqhubeke nokukulethela ulwazi olusha nolwakamuva emzamweni wethu wokusiza noma ubani emhlabeni ukuthi afunde ukwenza noma yini.

Bheka Inqubo Yethu Yokuhlela

Hlangana Nebhodi Lethu Lokubuyekeza

Yabelana Ngempendulo

Ithini impendulo yakho?

×

Eziwusizo Bika Iphutha Izincwajana zemininingwane

Hambisa